TAA i.3.9.1

Page number
1
Caption
Note for scientific publication on chemistry
Date of creation
24 August 1933
Material
Ink
Paper
Measurements
33.0 x 20.3 cm (h x w)
Object(s) referenced (by Carter number)
Notes

Undated typewritten notes on examined specimens including comments on pigments and material from the shrines.

Transcription

         Specimens from the Tomb of Tut-Ankh-Amun examined by H.J. Plenderleith.

Pigments.
The following pigments came from one of the King's palettes from 
the toy box found in the Annexe:
 

                                        Black                  Galena (Lead sulphide)
                                        White                  Gypsum (Cake)
                                        Green                  Copper frit (Cake)
                                        Blue                    Copper frit (Granules)
                                        Red Ochre           Iron oxide (Cake)
                                        Yellow                Orpiment (Arsenic sulphide)

Yellow ochre was used for painting the walls of the Burial Chamber.

 

Material from the Shrines.
One of the metal tongues which secured the second shrine lid proved 
to be of copper containing some tin and a little gold.
                                        Tin .1.54 per cent
                                        Gold 0.07     "
The metal was only superficially oxidised and still bore traces of 
the resinous material which had been used to lute it in position. 
The Shrines were enriched by a covering of thin gold laid on a 
gesso consisting maine/<l>y of carbonate of lime. In the specimens 
examined the gesso varied in thickness from <1/16> to 1/8 inch and the 
gold from the finest leaf to gold sheet or foil of about 1/10 m.m. 
thickness.

An interesting discovery was made in the case of one batch of 
fragments, namely, that the gesso contained the remains of organic 
tissue which proved on examination to be animal skin. It was 
found possible to isolate the tissue and to confirm the identifica-
tion by cutting a section. This showed the presence of several 
hair follicles which may be easily seen in the accompanying micro-
photograph. The outside of the hide was next [to] the gold.

The object of providing such a resilient cushion beneath the gold 
is entirely a matter of conjecture but it seems likely that it was 
to afford a suitable surface for tooling. If this be the case one 
sees here the genesis of a technique which was exploited to such 
advantage some hundreds of years later in the decoration of Persian 
and other book-bindings.


                                                                           H. J. Plenderleith.